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Sparkling Royal Jewels From Around the World

Jewel History: Royal Wedding at Windsor (1904)

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Prince Alexander of Teck and Princess Alice of Albany on their wedding day [1]
“Royal Wedding at Windsor”
(originally appeared in the New York Times on 11 Feb 1904)

LONDON, FEBRUARY 10 — Prince Alexander of Teck [2] and Princess Alice of Albany [3] were married this afternoon at St. George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle, where Queen Victoria was married on the same date in 1840 [4]. The Archbishop of Canterbury, assisted by other clergy, officiated, and King Edward gave away the bride.

The whole ceremony was very elaborate and brilliant. There were no less than four processions to the chapel, the Queen of Württemberg’s [5], that of Queen Emma of the Netherlands [6], the procession of King Edward and Queen Alexandra, and that of the bride.

Wedding party of Prince Alexander and Princess Alice [7]
There was a brilliant assemblage of members of royal families, foreign princes, peers, peeresses, ministers, diplomats, and other distinguished personages, the men all in court or levee dress or uniform, and the women in evening dress. The display of jewels was magnificent. There were five royal bridesmaids, all cousins of the bride [8]. The Seventh Hussars, the bridegroom’s regiment, lined the nave. A luncheon was given subsequently in the state dining room at Windsor Castle. 

The only special incident was the arrest of an alleged lunatic, who, flourishing a swordstick, molested the guests arriving from London. Windsor was decorated with flags and filled with excursionists.

NOTES, PHOTO CREDITS, AND LINKS
1. Cropped version of a photograph in the public domain; source here.
2. Prince Alexander of Teck (1874-1957) was the youngest son of Prince Francis, Duke of Teck and Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge; Queen Mary was his older sister. He relinquished his German titles in 1917, after which his brother-in-law, King George V, made him the Earl of Athlone.
3. Princess Alice of Albany (1883-1981) was the only daughter of Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany (the youngest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert) and Princess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont. After her husband relinquished his German titles, she was known as Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone.
4. Queen Victoria and Prince Albert were married on February 10, but at the Chapel Royal at St. James’s Palace in London, not at St. George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle.
5. In 1904, the Queen of Württemberg was Charlotte of Schaumberg-Lippe, the second wife of Wilhelm II of Württemberg. Wilhelm II’s first wife was Princess Marie of Waldeck and Pyrmont — the aunt of Princess Alice of Albany. More importantly, the Tecks were from Württemberg; they were descendants of Duke Alexander of Württemberg, the nephew of King Friedrich I of Württemberg.
6. Queen Emma of the Netherlands, who was born Princess Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont, was Princess Alice’s aunt.
7. Picture postcard of the Teck wedding party; source here.
8. The bridesmaids were Princess Mary of Wales (daughter of King George V and Princess Mary of Teck); Princess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont (daughter of Prince Friedrich of Waldeck and Pyrmont and Bathildis of Schaumberg-Lippe); Princess Margaret and Princess Patricia of Connaught (daughters of Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia); and Princess Mary of Teck (daughter of Prince Adolphus of Teck, later the 1st Marquess of Cambridge, and Lady Margaret Grosvenor).

Princess Louise’s Diamond Fringe

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Princess Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife, ca. 1905 [1]
There’s been lots of talk lately about diamond fringes — see here for our discussion of the various fringes owned by the Grimaldis of Monaco — and for good reason. Nearly every royal family has at least one, in part because they became incredibly popular during the second half of the nineteenth century, a fashion started by the imperial court of the Romanovs. Today, we’re taking a second look at the jewel collection of Princess Louise, daughter of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra and wife of the 1st Duke (and 6th Earl) of Fife. Let’s have a gander at the diamond fringe that belonged to this British princess, shall we?
Princess Louise [2]
The convertible diamond fringe necklace/tiara was one of Louise’s many wedding gifts in 1889. We talked about the most impressive tiara from among those gifts, the present from her new husband, here. (You can see her wearing the Fife tiara with the fringe as a necklace in the photograph on the left.) Although some sources, including Munn’s major book on tiaras, incorrectly state that the Fife tiara was a gift to Louise from her parents, it was actually this diamond fringe that was presented to her by Bertie and Alexandra (who were then the Prince and Princess of Wales). Contemporary news reports described the piece as “a flexible tiara of diamonds” [3]. 

We know that the piece was made by Hancocks, a London jeweler, thanks to additional reporting from the period. Ursula has excerpted reports on the wedding from the Graphic, which devoted an entire special issue to the Fife nuptials. The publication describes the fringe as being “of elegant design of alternating and graduating rays, varying from nearly two inches long in the centre to half an inch at the extreme ends.” Additionally, they call the piece “a superb tiara of lovely brilliants of chaste design,” noting, “the rays of diamonds being nearly two inches long in the centre, and graduating downwards towards the ends, while each alternate ray has a pretty tapering effect, which materially adds to its beauty” [4].

Commentary from the Graphic also connects the fringe tiara to its Russian inspiration: “The tiara is a very large one, and is so flexible that it can be bent upon the hair to suit any style of coiffure, and can also form a necklace. The design is Russian, consisting of straight lines, but the jewellers have secured considerable lightness of effect by the introduction of slender lines between the taller ones” [4]. The Illustrated London News emphasized the tiara’s connection to Louise’s parents: “The Prince and Princess of Wales presented their daughter with a beautiful tiara of fine brilliants, of elegant design of alternating and graduating rays, varying from nearly two inches long in the centre to half an inch at the extreme ends. By a simple arrangement it also forms a beautiful and graceful necklace.”

Louise was photographed wearing the fringe as a necklace on multiple occasions (including the two pictures above); she also wore the piece as a tiara. And she wasn’t the only Fife lady to be pictured in the fringe tiara. Her elder daughter, Princess Alexandra — who inherited the Fife dukedom in her own right in 1912 — was photographed wearing the tiara. In the portrait, which also includes her husband (and, ahem, first cousin once removed) Prince Arthur of Connaught, Alexandra wears the fringe as a bandeau, settling the piece low across her forehead. Whether or not Alexandra owned the tiara herself or borrowed it from her mother (who would still have been alive at the time the portrait was taken) is less clear.

Alexandra did inherit another major tiara from her mother — the Fife tiara — and then subsequently passed it along to her nephew, James Carnegie, the 3rd Duke of Fife, who also inherited his aunt’s titles. Whether the fringe took a similar path isn’t certain. If Alexandra’s sister, Maud, inherited the fringe, however, it would likely also have ended up with James. He was her only child, and he’s the only surviving grandchild of Princess Louise.

Update: The diamond fringe is now on display at Kensington Palace as a part of the Tiaras Revealed exhibition! Read more over here!

NOTES, PHOTO CREDITS, AND LINKS
1. Cropped version of a photograph available via Wikimedia Commons; source here.
2. Cropped version of an image in the public domain due to age.
3. See the full report from the Press here.
4. See more of the report from the Graphic at Ursula’s site.
5. Text from the Illustrated London News available at Ursula’s site.